cosmetic plastic surgery : Face lift surgery

Face lift surgery is a surgical procedure designed to smooth the loose skin on the facial skin, jowls, and neck in both men and women. Candidates for a facelift include those with deep lines or folds (nasolabial folds) running from the corner of the nose to the corner of the mouth, loss of a well-defined jawline, deep wrinkles in the cheeks, and loose skin, wrinkles, and "cords" or excess fat in the neck. In this procedure, underlying tissues are tightened, excess fat is removed, and the skin is gracefully re-draped for a natural and more youthful appearance. A facelift (technically known as rhytidectomy) can't stop the aging process. What it can do is "set back the clock," improving the most visible signs of aging by removing excess fat, tightening underlying muscles, and redraping the skin of your face and neck. A facelift can be done alone, or in conjunction with other procedures such as a forehead lift, eyelid surgery, or nose reshaping.

If the patient has had an original face lift operation a "preventive maintenance program" can then be implemented. This is particularly indicated in younger individuals who can maintain a youthful facial appearance for the remainder of their life by having periodic "tuck ups" every few years. This is not uncommon among Hollywood personalities.

Patients with systemic diseases, high blood pressure, heart disease, or obesity are not acceptable candidates for this type of surgery. Patients with a short, stocky neck cannot expect the same amount of improvement as those with more favorable anatomy.
The operation is usually performed with local anaesthesia and sedation. The incisions are made inside the hair line wherever possible but the hair is not cut before the operation. The hair, though, should be shampooed thoroughly before entering the hospital. Infrequently there may be some thinning of the hair for a short distance on each side of the incision line. If this occurs, the thin area can be covered by combing the adjacent hair over it. The site of the incisions will be discussed during the preoperative visit. There is little pain and discomfort following the operation. Remember that the swelling and discolourations are temporary, as are minor changes in the configuration of the hair line which may occur and are usually unnoticed by the observers or even by the patients.

There may be some areas of numbness particularly around the ear which improve to a great extent within three to six months. Some patches of numbness may persist indefinitely.

Closing of the incisions is performed in such a manner as to exert no tension on the lines in front of the ear, where the scars are usually inconspicuous without makeup. The tension resulting from the stretched and lifted tissue is thus distributed to the areas behind the ear and the back of the ear skirting the hair line. These scars are therefore destined to be more visible and have to be camouflaged by combing the hair. At times, they may require a small adjustment under local freezing eight to twelve months after.
cosmetic plastic surgery

©2001-2004 Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Center All Rights Reserved.

cosmetic plastic surgery : Lip augmentation

Lip augmentation procedures increase the size of the lips to make them fuller and more attractive. The procedure is used to help women and men of all ages. The upper or lower lip may be treated singly, or both upper and lower lips may augmented at the same time.
Lip augmentation have become increasingly popular in recent years. Some types of lip augmentation involve the insertion of natural or synthetic materials.

Other surgical techniques bring tissue from the inside of the lip to the outside. Some of these procedures are permanent, while others provide only temporary results.

If you're considering lip augmentation, the following information will provide you with a good introduction to the different lip augmentation procedures. For more detailed information about how this procedure may help you, please schedule a consultation with Dr.Pichet.

What are some of the most common benefits of this surgery?

Whether you have always had thin lips, or you want to return your lips to the shape and fullness they had when you were younger, a lip augmentation procedure may provide you with the look you want. If you are dissatisfied or self-conscious about your lips, this surgery can open up new possibilities for you to change your appearance and self-image.

What will happen at the initial consultation?


During the consultation, you will have the opportunity to talk to Dr. Pichet about the changes that you’d like to make in your appearance. He will explain the different options available to you, the procedure itself, and the risks and limitations involved as well as the anesthesia required. Be sure to as all the questions you have about the surgery. Learning everything you can about your options, risks and benefits is the key to making an informed decision.

It is important that you explain the results that you would like. Bring photos to show Dr. Pichet what you like and what you don’t like. He will be able to tell you if you are a good candidate for lip augmentation.
cosmetic plastic surgery

©2001-2004 Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Center All Rights Reserved.

cosmetic plastic surgery : Cosmetic surgery has become mainstream

Let's face it. In today's environment of managed care and decreased reimbursements, the field of elective surgery is extremely competitive. Cosmetic surgery has become mainstream and socially acceptable, and the world wide web has provided an information explosion, producing highly educated consumers who know what they want.

Last year, over 110 million adults went online to look for health care and medical information. According to Harris Interactive, "The vast majority of them report that the information they find enhances their understanding of their health problems, has an impact on how they manage their overall health, affects how they communicate with their doctors, and improves their compliance with prescribed treatments."

But these internet savvy patients are not only researching medical information. While learning how to enhance their looks and boost self-esteem, web surfers are also searching for specialists to provide those services. And that means potential patients are looking for you!

http://www.beautysurg.com/physicians_membership.html

Whether you're scrubbed in to surgery or off to play on the golf course, beautysurg.com works for you 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. beautysurg.com makes the connection between you and your future patients.

cosmetic plastic surgery : Deciding To Undergo Cosmetic Surgery

Cosmetic surgery cannot perform miraculous changes in physical appearance or reconstruct basic personality defects such as self-rejection, incurable envy, the "if-only" syndrome, or hopelessly childish notions about beauty and romance. A woman with unrealistic expectations about results is almost certain to be disappointed. A woman with a specific and limited problem, whose livelihood is at stake because of premature wrinkles or bags under the eyes or who feels socially inadequate because she is flat chested or has localized areas of obesity that limit the type of clothes she desires to wear, or who loathes her nose, is likely to be pleased with the solution cosmetic surgery can provide. Her improved self-image results in greater self-confidence, which carries over into her relationship with others.

However, women who are obsessed with looking young and are terrified of aging might benefit more from sustained soul-searching or psychotherapy than from surgery. Any woman who wants to get the best return for a considerable investment of money and time should therefore be as honest with herself as possible about the motives that bring her to the surgeon's office.

Surgery should not be undertaken when the patient's emotional stability has been threatened by a shocking experience. There is no doubt that some women who have experienced an unusually stressful crisis such as a divorce, a sudden death in the family, the unanticipated loss of a job, or the unexpected responsibility of taking care of an invalid child or parent can benefit from the positive effects of a long-postponed improvement in appearance. But psychic stress has an adverse effect on the physiology of the body and in many cases, can slow down the healing process.

Ideally, a person about to undergo elective surgery should be in the best possible physical and mental condition, always taking into account the fact that if surgery is to be extensive, it will inevitably produce some feelings of anxiety in the patient about the outcome. A reputable surgeon will take a detailed medical history, including past illnesses, present chronic conditions, whether the patient is addicted to alcohol, smoking or any drugs such as tranquilizers or sleeping pills. Surgery may be delayed until she has ceased smoking or using alcohol or drugs for sufficient time so that they no longer affect the body.

Before any woman goes to a cosmetic surgeon, she should attempt an honest assessment of her appearance and know precisely how she wishes it to be changed. Where exactly is the problem? Does the chin need strengthening? Does the nose need altering? Are the ears too outstanding? Does a body contour need to be changed? Take a good look in the mirror. Perfect symmetry of either the face or the figure is usually out of the question. In fact, it is the slight asymmetry of the facial bones that gives most faces interest and individuality.

Over time, the concept of beauty has changed and is associated with the position of women in society and their activities. Today, most females desire to be thin and full breasted. With the development of prostheses and the relative simplicity of the operation, breast augmentation has been requested frequently. Probably the concept of the type of nose that is most desirable has changed most in the last fifty years; again, that is a highly individual matter. Computerized imaging can be helpful in reaching the most desirable and achievable results.

by Michael Russell

cosmetic plastic surgery : Introduction To Cosmetic Surgery

Cosmetic surgery is not a sharply defined area. An operation of any kind should achieve a good cosmetic result, even an appendectomy or a back operation for a ruptured disc. Also, many cosmetic operations have a functional as well as cosmetic aspect, such as upper eyelid surgery to improve the field of vision, or breast size reduction to alleviate neck, back, or breast pain.

By virtue of common usage, cosmetic surgery has become an acceptable term. There are some plastic surgeons, however, who prefer the term aesthetic surgery. Cosmetic is derived from the Greek word Kosmos, meaning order, beauty, or improving on beauty. Aesthetic is derived from the Greek word Aisthetikos, meaning to perceive by the senses, or pertaining to the senses of the beautiful.

There is nothing new about the desire to look younger or more attractive. Improving self-image is an acceptable concept in today's health regime. Most American women discuss restorative surgery with their friends and family and they do not feel guilty about having such surgery performed. Of course, they do not usually advertise their operation and sometimes ask how they can camouflage the postoperative look so they can return to work as soon as possible.

Many factors account for the increasing popularity of cosmetic surgery. Contemporary culture in the United States is preoccupied with youthful appearance. Women who are threatened with the loss of a job because the look too old, may have cosmetic surgery for monetary reasons. Unfortunately, many employers value the look of blooming good health associated with youth rather than years of experience and a mature sense of responsibility. The "baby boomers" in the workplace are well aware of this. Now entering their fifties, this generation was the first to enjoy the many advantages of modern medicine. They enjoyed the protection of the polio vaccine and life-saving advantages of antibiotics. Fitness programs and better eating habits have contributed to their good health also.

Another factor that accounts for the recent increase in cosmetic surgery is the publicity it has received in newspapers, women's magazines and the media. Prior to 1979, ethical plastic surgeons did not advertise. Then the Federal Trade Commission declared that this restriction created a monopoly, which was illegal. Now physicians, even those not trained in plastic surgery and advertise and they do. As a result, the number of people, particularly women, seeking cosmetic surgery has increased. So too, has the number of the qualified and unqualified practitioners.

Only diplomats of the American Board of Plastic Surgery are recognized by the American Board of Medical Specialists as specialists in plastic surgery. They have been trained in general surgery and subsequently in plastic surgery and therefore are qualified to operate on the entire body. Other groups of physicians operate above the collar bone on the head and neck. Dermatological surgeons perform chemical peels, a popular way to defeat the skin's aging process.

Who pays for cosmetic surgery? Being elective, it is usually paid for by the patient. Surgery to correct congenital deformities such as cleft lip and palate, deformities resulting from accidental injury and cancer deformities such as mastectomy may be covered by insurance. Some women forgo vacations and others spend practically no money on clothes for years so that they can save up for cosmetic surgery. Some borrow money; others sell a valuable piece of jewelry. Girls in their teens are sometimes given money to spend on a "nose job" for their 16th birthday.

by Michael Russell

cosmetic plastic surgery : Where's The "Plastic" In Plastic Surgery?

Don't be looking for the Dupont Company sales rep the next time you visit a Plastic Surgeon's office because, despite popular belief, there's no "Plastic" in Plastic Surgery. The name is taken from the Greek word "plastikos" which means to "mold or shape."

Initially plastic surgery procedures were limited to facial and body reconstruction caused by accidents, trauma, illness or birth defects. As people began to see the purely cosmetic possibilities, many surgeons expanded their services to include facelifts, rhinoplasty (nose jobs), breast augmentation and liposuction.

It's important to know the difference between plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery, especially if you're planning on having your insurance company foot the bill for your procedure.

Cosmetic surgery is performed solely to improve a person's outward physical appearance and self-esteem by correcting naturally occuring conditions that the patient is unhappy with. Cosmetic surgery may be performed by either a Plastic Surgeon or a Cosmetic Surgeon. Cosmetic surgery is generally not covered by health insurance.

Reconstructive plastic surgery is performed to correct or reduce the effects of congenital defects, accidental trauma injury, infections, tumors, and other health-related conditions. It's primary purpose is rarely to simply improve appearance except for extreme cases involving major facial or bodily damage resulting from automobile accidents, etc. Plastic Surgery may only be performed by a Plastic Surgeon.

In most cases insurance does pay for plastic surgery although there are some cases where your claim may be reduced or denied completely. That's why it is always important to coordinate the planned procedure with your health insurance provider BEFORE you get the procedure.

Often times the difference between whether or not your insurance company will cover the bill is the REASON for the procedure. If, for example, you are having your nose reshaped because you're unhappy with your profile -- no deal. You're on your own. However, get that same nose job because your doctor has diagnosed a chronic breathing problem that results in the potentially dangerous condition known as "Sleep Apnea" and you could end up with a new nose courtesy of your health insurance provider!

By Mike Jones

cosmetic plastic surgery : Cosmetic Surgery for Men

So, how do your pecs look? For many men, impressive chest muscles are a must. If you can’t get them or don’t have the time for exercise, cosmetic implants may be the answer.

When we think of people who are unsatisfied with their chest size, we usually think of women. Many women are unhappy with the size of their breasts, and some of them choose to undergo breast augmentation in order to enlarge their size or correct their shape. However, women are not the only ones who go under the knife to have cosmetic surgery on their chests. More and more, men who are not happy with how they look are seeing doctors about getting chest implants.

Chest implants are just what they sound like – implants that are placed under the skin in the pecs to enlarge this area. The implants used are made of solid silicone, and are considered very safe by the Food and Drug Administration. They are not the same as traditional silicone breast implants, which were made with silicone gel that could leak and allegedly cause medical problems. Solid silicone implants cannot leak, and they stay in the same shape for as long as they stay in the body.

The reasons that men choose to have their pecs augmented vary. Some men feel that no matter how much they exercise and lift weights, they can't build up their pecs to a large enough size. Chest implants can increase the bulk and overall projection of the pecs to a size that will satisfy these men (but they will not add definition to the chest area, this must be accomplished through exercise). Other men may have medical conditions or congenital defects that have caused the underdevelopment of the chest area, so an implant will correct this deficiency.

Men planning on having this procedure will need to stop working out one to two weeks prior to the operation in order to have the area be prepared to accept the implants. They will also need to allow about four weeks of recovery time before they can go back to rigorous exercise. The average cost of chest implants is around $7,000 and there are some complications that can happen, such as migration of the implant or general problems with the incision or surgery. Luckily, if a problem does arise and the implants need to be removed, this is a simple procedure.

Chest implants can give some men the confidence they need to go shirtless or otherwise show off their chests. These implants represent another area where cosmetic surgery has expanded to provide a solution to a problem. Make sure to discuss the options for your specific situation with a qualified cosmetic surgeon.

by Ricardo de Silva

cosmetic plastic surgery : Rhinoplasty

Rhinoplasty is virtually a nose surgery which is often used for the process of giving proper shape and formation to the nose. Rhinoplasty is thus considered as a nose job. Nose job here means a nose cosmetic surgery. Nose bears a very important feature in one’s face. Thus improper shape and size of the nose can be well given a proper shape with the help of rhinoplasty. Rhinoplasty is basically a form of cosmetic surgery where the tip of the nose is given proper shape. That is if the tip of the nose is too rounded and full or if it too long or even if it is blunt, then Rhinoplasty is the ultimate source.

Rhinoplasty is one of the most common from of cosmetic surgery which is very much popular in the USA. Rhinoplasty thus works as a procedure of reshaping the outline of the nose. Hence, nose size enhancement, bridging of the tip of the nose, giving proper proportions to the angle of the nose can all be done through Rhinoplasty. Rhinoplasty can also help in overcoming certain breathing problems. Thus Rhinoplasty helps in enhancing more courage and confidence in one’s by confining the entire look of the individual who undergoes Rhinoplasty.

When anyone opts for Rhinoplasty, certain consideration should be made. It has been estimated that the correct age for the boys for Rhinoplasty should be 15 year and in respect of the girls it should be more than 15 years. The cost of Rhinoplasty may vary depending upon the type of shape to be given to the nose. But most importantly the fees virtually depend upon the surgeon who undertakes the surgery. The more accuracy needed in respect of Rhinoplasty, demands high fees and vice versa.

Rhinoplasty is usually considered to be two types. The first from of Rhinoplasty is known as Closed Rhinoplasty and the second form is Open Rhinoplasty. In the first form of Rhinoplasty, incisions are mainly made inside the nose of the patient. This from of Rhinoplasty reduces the formation of visible scars. For this type of Rhinoplasty, the surgeon should be a highly experienced one in the field of nasal anatomy. But in the second form of Rhinoplasty, surgeons generally make the incisions on the upper or in the outside area of the nose. Visible scars are usually found in respect of Open Rhinoplasty. The pain which is generally experienced during Rhinoplasty can be however reduced with mild medication of analgesics.

by Farzina Naznin

cosmetic plastic surgery : What You Should Know About Cosmetic Surgery

Cosmetic surgery is any surgical procedure that is designed to enhance your physical appearance. Unless the cosmetic surgery is required as the result of an accident, injury, or birth defect, the chances are the procedure will not be covered by your insurance.

Although cosmetic surgery may change your appearance and give you the confidence to face the world with a whole new attitude, it doesn't change who you "really" are inside. If you were lazy and unmotivated before your new nose, you're likely to still be lazy and unmotivated after.

The most common cosmetic surgery procedures are face lifts, liposuction, breast enhancement, "nose jobs" and "tummy tucks" but this is by no means the extent of what a cosmetic surgeon can do for you.

Cosmetic surgery is performed by a doctor who has undergone specialized training in either plastic or cosmetic surgery. When choosing a doctor always make sure that they have been certified by either the American Board of Plastic Surgery (ABPS) or the American Board of Cosmetic Surgery (ABCS). They should have the certification document in plain view in their office.

You'll want to ask the following questions when you are interviewing the doctor:

How often have you done this procedure?

How long have you been doing this procedure?

What are the best and worst case results that I can expect from this procedure?

What are the potential risks or complications of this procedure?

What do I need to do to prepare myself for this procedure?

How much time will I have to lose from work or normal social activity?

How much pain or discomfort is associated with this procedure?

How much will this procedure cost?

Will I require any follow-up treatment and is it included in the price?

Will I require any prescription drugs?

Will my insurance cover all or part of the costs?

Most cosmetic surgery doctors will have a book of "Before and After" pictures that have been taken of patients who have given their permission to be included in the book. Not only should you ask to see the book, but also ask if you can receive a discount by agreeing to have your pictures added.

One of the worst reasons for having a cosmetic surgery procedure performed is because "everyone else is doing it". What may be right for one of your friends may not be right for you. That's why it is important to have a frank discussion with your doctor before having any procedure done. Tell your doctor what your expectations are and then listen very closely to the answer. If you think that having a face lift is going to get you a better job, then you may need to reconsider your thinking. Most people's lives do not change radically after cosmetic surgery is performed.

In fact, there are often unexpected results that accompany cosmetic surgery. You may wonder why someone with as much money as Barbara Streisand has never had her nose "fixed". When she was younger her doctor told her that changing the shape of her nose would alter her voice! That was a risk that Barbara was not willing to take.

Cosmetic surgery should not be rushed into. Take your time, shop around for the best doctor and make sure that you have a solid grasp on your expectations. The chances are you will have to live with the results of the procedure for the rest of your life.

By Mike Jones

cosmetic plastic surgery : Cash Is King In Cosmetic Surgery

Paying for cosmetic surgery can be an expensive proposition given the fact health insurance rarely covers it. You can finance the surgery, but cash is a much better solution.

Next time you are at a gathering with even one medical professional, make sure to ask them about their view of health insurance companies. Then make sure to take a step back. Physicians hate health insurance companies because they cut the invoices issued by the doctors. Essentially, the health insurance companies take the position the doctor will have to accept reduced bills if he wants access to the patients covered by the plan.

With cosmetic surgery procedures, health insurance is rarely an issue. Cosmetic surgery is rarely considered medically necessary, so your policy is going to reject any claim you submit. While you might think this calm any payment issues with your cosmetic surgeon, there are still steps you can take to get a better deal.

Many people pay for plastic surgery with credit cards or financing. In both situations, the cosmetic surgeon is going to get dinged on his billings. Although the reduction is less than with health insurance companies, it can still add up pretty quickly. You can use this situation to your advantage.

Cash is king in the cosmetic surgery profession. First, the payment is immediate. Second, the physician actually gets his or her full bill paid. If you can scrape together the cash to pay for the entire procedure, you should do so. In exchange for paying in cash, however, you should ask for a discount from the surgeon. Although there is no law or regulation requiring surgeons to issue a discount, most will do so. It will not hurt to ask.

What if you do not have enough cash to pay the bill all at once? A number of creative cosmetic surgeons have an answer for you. More and more practices are letting patients make payments in advance of their surgery. Essentially, you make payments each month or on an agreed upon schedule until the entire fee is paid. One the payments are complete, the surgical procedure is undertaken.

Cash is king in the cosmetic surgery profession. If you understand this, you can use it to get a discount on your surgery and make your cosmetic surgeon very happy.

by Ricardo de Silva

cosmetic plastic surgery : Interplast Australia

A common criticism of plastic surgery is that it is merely a procedure undertaken by the vain. This criticism is misplaced as proved by a group known as Interplast Australia.

Interplast Australia – Plastic Surgery For A Good Cause

When you mention plastic surgery, most people think of celebrities with large lips, breasts or rather obvious face lifts. While plastic surgery does have its over the top elements, it has a side that few people realize. Specifically, the field was really developed to deal with the reshaping of abnormalities in the body. Even in this modern era, this original focus is still undertaken by devoted surgeons.

As the name suggests, Interplast Australia is an organization out of Australia. This non-profit facilitates the placement of plastic surgeons in countries where medical care is either non-existent or priced beyond the reach of everyday individuals. No, the physicians are not providing free breast enhancements. Instead, they are providing treatment to individuals that have serious deformities that have occurred naturally or through trauma.

Interplast Australia is a purely volunteer organization, to wit, the plastic surgeons do not get paid. Instead, all donations are used to facilitate equipment, medication and treatments to countries where the need is greatest. For instance, two doctors recently went to the Tanna Islands where there are over 30,000 people and one doctor. The two surgeons provided treatment for everything from cleft lips to skin abnormalities. Yes, these are forms of plastic surgery, although you admittedly will not see them on celebrities.

Currently, Interplast Australia is providing medical services in a variety of locations in Southeast Asia. Physicians regularly travel to Vietnam, Bangladesh, Papua New Guinea, and Micronesia. In the past, surgeons have also volunteered to provide services in locations such as China, Laos, Myanmar, Tanzania, Mauritius, Samoa, the Solomon Islands and so on.

While some tend to criticize plastic surgery, it is important to remember that it serves an important purpose for those who are born with physical deformities or severely injured. There is little reason a person should go through life with a cleft pallet or what have you. Thanks to Interplast Australia, they simply do not have to.

by Ricardo de Silva

cosmetic plastic surgery : Are The Risks Of Plastic Surgery Worth Taking?

Thanks to television and movies, people are bewitched into believing that cosmetic surgery is a panacea as far as aesthetics are concerned. Women often fantasize about enhancing their appearance by having a breast lift or breast augmentation surgery. However, despite the glorification of cosmetic surgery, surgery of any kind has associated risks and complications that cannot be overlooked. Even though the results may seem alluring, patients must consider the possible risks. A tragic incident, which highlights this paradoxical situation, was the death of Olivia Goldsmith, an American novelist who died of anesthetic complications during plastic surgery.

Though cases like Olivia’s sad demise are extremely rare, the point is that the patient must understand that any surgery involves risk. The duty on the patient’s part is to ensure that he/she has complete knowledge of all possible risks and, thus, take necessary steps to circumvent such hazards. In general, a comprehensive pre-operative examination to determine your candidature, an expertly performed surgery, and proper post-operative care is enough to avert most common complications.

Some of the serious complications of plastic surgery are bad reaction to anesthesia, excessive blood loss, and blood clots that might block passage of blood through a blood vessel – potentially leading to a stroke. These complications are associated with major procedures like liposuction and abdominoplasty. Another possible complication of liposuction is fat embolism, where loosened fat may lodge into the lungs, potentially causing death. However, all such complications are highly unlikely.

Some people are at a higher risk of experiencing plastic surgery complications. For instance, smoking, having certain medications such as blood thinners, or having an ancestral trend of blood clots, brings you at a greater risk of facing complications. In general, plastic surgery is a safe and efficacious procedure with an excellent success rate. But since it’s a surgery, the patient must completely confirm his/her candidature by having an elaborate discussion with the surgeon, revealing facts about drug use, allergies, and the general living style.

By Nicola Kennedy

cosmetic plastic surgery : procedures at a glance

This page offers a general overview of cosmetic surgery procedures. For more in-depth information on these procedures, please follow the links in the left column.

While this section explores cosmetic surgical offerings, many of these procedures may also fulfill true medical needs. You should understand that the circumstances and experience of every individual will be unique.

If you're considering cosmetic plastic surgery, please ask your plastic surgeon for further information about the particular procedure and what you expect.
In addition, please note that all surgery carries some uncertainty and risk, including the possibility of infection, bleeding, blood clots, and adverse reactions to the anesthesia. You can reduce your risks by choosing a qualified plastic surgeon and closely following his or her advice, both before and after surgery.
ABDOMINOPLASTY
(Tummy Tuck)

Procedure: Flatten abdomen by removing excess fat and skin and tightening muscles of abdominal wall.
Length: 2 to 5 hours.
Anesthesia: General, or local with sedation.
In/Outpatient: Either depending on individual circumstances and extent of surgery.
Side Effects: Temporary pain. Swelling, soreness, numbness of abdominal skin, bruising, tiredness for several weeks or months.
Risks: Blood clots. Infection. Bleeding under the skin flap. Poor healing resulting in conspicuous scarring or skin loss. Need for a second operation.
Recovery: Back to work: 2 to 4 weeks. More strenuous activity: 4 to 6 weeks or more. Fading and flattening of scars: 3 months to 2 years.


BREAST ENLARGEMENT
(Augmentation Mammaplasty)

Procedure: Enhance the size of breasts using inflatable implants filled with saline.
Length: 1 to 2 hours.
Anesthesia: Local with sedation, or general.
In/Outpatient: Usually outpatient.
Side Effects: Temporary soreness, swelling, change in nipple sensation, bruising. Breast sensitive to stimulation for a few weeks.
Risks: Lack of implant permanence -- surgical removal or replacement of the implants may be required to treat problems, including: deflation; the formation of scar tissue around the implant (capsular contracture), which may cause the breast to feel tight or hard; bleeding or infection. Increase or decrease in sensitivity of nipples or breast skin, occasionally permanent. Mammography requires a special technique. (Note: Some women have reported symptoms similar to those of immune disorders. Ask your doctor about these and other FDA concerns.)
Recovery: Back to work: a few days. Physical contact with breasts: 3 to 4 weeks. Fading of scars: several months to a year or more.
Duration of
Results: Variable. Implants may require removal or replacement.


BREAST LIFT
(Mastopexy)

Procedure: Raise and reshape sagging breasts by removing excess skin and repositioning remaining tissue and nipples.
Length: 1 to 3 hours.
Anesthesia: Local with sedation, or general.
In/Outpatient: Usually outpatient. Sometimes inpatient.
Side Effects: Temporary bruising, swelling, discomfort, numbness, dry breast skin. Permanent scars.
Risks: Thick, wide scars; skin loss; infection. Unevenly positioned nipples. Permanent loss of feeling in nipples or breast.
Recovery: Back to work: 1 week or more. Strenuous activities: 1 month. Fading of scars: several months to a year.
Duration of
Results: Variable; gravity, pregnancy, aging, and weight changes may cause new sagging. Results may last longer or be enhanced when breast implants are inserted as part of the procedure.


CHEMICAL PEEL
(Phenol and trichloroacetic acid [TCA])

Procedure: Restore wrinkled, blemished, unevenly pigmented, or sun-damaged facial skin, using a chemical solution to peel away skin's top layers. Works best on fair, thin skin with superficial wrinkles.
Length: 1 to 2 hours for full face.
Anesthesia: None; sedation & EKG monitoring may be used.
In/Outpatient: Usually outpatient. Full-face phenol peel may require admission for 1 to 2 days.
Side Effects: Both: Temporary throbbing, tingling, swelling, redness; acute sensitivity to sun. Phenol: Permanent lightening of treated skin; permanent loss of ability to tan.
Risks: Both: Tiny whiteheads (temporary); infection; scarring; flare-up of skin allergies, fever blisters, cold sores. Phenol: Abnormal color changes (permanent); heart irregularities (rare).
Recovery: Phenol: Formation of new skin: 7 to 21 days. Normal activities: 2 to 4 weeks. Full healing and fading of redness: 3 to 6 months TCA: New skin within 5 to 10 days.
Duration of
Results: Phenol: permanent, although new wrinkles may form as skin ages. TCA: variable (temporary).

copyright All Materials 2006 ASPS/PSEF

cosmetic plastic surgery : PLANNING YOUR SURGERY

In your initial consultation, your surgeon will evaluate your health, determine the extent of fat deposits in your abdominal region, and carefully assess your skin tone. Be sure to tell your surgeon if you smoke, and if you're taking any medications, vitamins, or other drugs.

Be frank in discussing your expectations with your surgeon. He or she should be equally frank with you, describing your alternatives and the risks and limitations of each.

If, for example, your fat deposits are limited to the area below the navel, you may require a less complex procedure called a partial abdominoplasty, also know as a mini-tummy tuck, which can often be performed on an outpatient basis. You may, on the other hand, benefit more from partial or complete abdominoplasty done in conjunction with liposuction to remove fat deposits from the hips, for a better body contour. Or maybe liposuction alone would create the best result.

In any case, your surgeon should work with you to recommend the procedure that is right for you and will come closest to producing the desired body contour.

During the consultation, your surgeon should also explain the anesthesia he or she will use, the type of facility where the surgery will be performed, and the costs involved. In most cases, health insurance policies do not cover the cost of abdominoplasty, but you should check your policy to be sure.

PREPARING FOR YOUR SURGERY

Your surgeon will give you specific instructions on how to prepare for surgery, including guidelines on eating and drinking, smoking, and taking or avoiding certain vitamins, and medications.

If you smoke, plan to quit at least one to two weeks before your surgery and not to resume for at least two weeks after your surgery. Avoid overexposure to the sun before surgery, especially to your abdomen, and do not go on a stringent diet, as both can inhibit your ability to heal. If you develop a cold or infection of any kind, your surgery will probably be postponed.

Whether your surgery is done on an outpatient or inpatient basis, you should arrange for someone to drive you home after your surgery, and to help you out for a day or two after you leave the hospital, if needed.

WHERE YOUR SURGERY WILL BE PERFORMED

Many surgeons perform both partial and complete abdominoplasties in an outpatient surgical center or an office-based facility. Others prefer the hospital, where their patients can stay for several days.

TYPES OF ANESTHESIA

Your doctor may select general anesthesia, so you'll sleep through the operation.

Other surgeons use local anesthesia, combined with a sedative to make you drowsy. You'll be awake but relaxed, and your abdominal region will be insensitive to pain. (However, you may feel some tugging or occasional discomfort.)

THE SURGERY

Complete abdominoplasty usually takes two to five hours, depending on the extent of work required. Partial abdominoplasty may take an hour or two.

Most commonly, the surgeon will make a long incision from hipbone to hipbone, ,just above the pubic area. A second incision is made to free the navel from surrounding tissue. With partial abdominoplasty, the incision is much shorter and the navel may not be moved, although it may be pulled into an unnatural shape as the skin is tightened and stitched.

Next, the surgeon separates the skin from the abdominal wall all the way up to your ribs and lifts a large skin flap to reveal the vertical muscles in your abdomen. These muscles are tightened by pulling them close together and stitching them into their new position. This provides a firmer abdominal wall and narrows the waistline.

The skin flap is then stretched down and the extra skin is removed. A new hole is cut for your navel, which is then stitched in place. Finally, the incisions will be stitched, dressings will be applied, and a temporary tube may be inserted to drain excess fluid from the surgical site.

In partial abdominoplasty, the skin is separated only between the incision line and the navel. This skin flap is stretched down, the excess is removed, and the flap is stitched back into place.

AFTER YOUR SURGERY

For the first few days, your abdomen will probably be swollen and you're likely to feel some pain and discomfort which can be controlled by medication. Depending on the extent of the surgery, you may be released within a few hours or you may have to remain hospitalized for two to three days.

Your doctor will give you instructions for showering and changing your dressings. And though you may not be able to stand straight at first, you should start walking as soon as possible.

Surface stitches will be removed in five to seven days, and deeper sutures, with ends that protrude through the skin, will come out in two to three weeks. The dressing on your incision may be replaced by a support garment.

GETTING BACK TO NORMAL

It may take you weeks or months to feel like your old self again. If you start out in top physical condition with strong abdominal muscles, recovery from abdominoplasty will be much faster. Some people return to work after two weeks, while others take three or four weeks to rest and recuperate.

Exercise will help you heal better. Even people who have never exercised before should begin an exercise program to reduce swelling, lower the chance of blood clots, and tone muscles. Vigorous exercise, however, should be avoided until you can do it comfortably.

Your scars may actually appear to worsen during the first three to six months as they heal, but this is normal. Expect it to take nine months to a year before your scars flatten out and lighten in color. While they'll never disappear completely, abdominal scars will not show under most clothing, even under bathing suits.

YOUR NEW LOOK

Abdominoplasty, whether partial or complete, produces excellent results for patients with weakened abdominal muscles or excess skin. And in most cases, the results are long lasting, if you follow a balanced diet and exercise regularly.

If you're realistic in your expectations and prepared for the consequences of a permanent scar and a lengthy recovery period, abdominoplasty may be just the answer for you.

To find a plastic surgeon who performs this procedure, visit the online referral service of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS). ASPS, founded in 1931, is the largest plastic surgery organization in the world and the foremost authority on cosmetic and reconstructive plastic surgery. All ASPS physician members are certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery (ABPS) or the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada.

http://www.plasticsurgery.org/public_education/procedures/Abdominoplasty.cfm

cosmetic plastic surgery : Abdominoplasty

If you're considering abdominoplasty...

Abdominoplasty, known more commonly as a "tummy tuck," is a major surgical procedure to remove excess skin and fat from the middle and lower abdomen and to tighten the muscles of the abdominal wall. The procedure can dramatically reduce the appearance of a protruding abdomen. But bear in mind, it does produce a permanent scar, which, depending on the extent of the original problem and the surgery required to correct it, can extend from hip to hip.

If you're considering abdominoplasty, this will give you a basic understanding of the procedure-when it can help, how it's performed, and what results you can expect. It can't answer all of your questions, since a lot depends on the individual patient and the surgeon. Please ask your surgeon about anything you don't understand.

THE BEST CANDIDATES FOR ABDOMINOPLASTY

The best candidates for abdominoplasty are men or women who are in relatively good shape but are bothered by a large fat deposit or loose abdominal skin that won't respond to diet or exercise. The surgery is particularly helpful to women who, through multiple pregnancies, have stretched their abdominal muscles and skin beyond the point where they can return to normal. Loss of skin elasticity in older patients, which frequently occurs with slight obesity, can also be improved.

Patients who intend to lose a lot of weight should postpone the surgery. Also, women who plan future pregnancies should wait, as vertical muscles in the abdomen that are tightened during surgery can separate again during pregnancy. If you have scarring from previous abdominal surgery, your doctor may recommend against abdominoplasty or may caution you that scars could be unusually prominent.

Abdominoplasty can enhance your appearance and your self-confidence, but it won't necessarily change your looks to match your ideal, or cause other people to treat you differently. Before you decide to have surgery, think carefully about your expectations and discuss them with your surgeon.

ALL SURGERY CARRIES SOME UNCERTAINTY AND RISK

Thousands of abdominoplasties are performed successfully each year. When done by a qualified plastic surgeon who is trained in body contouring, the results are generally quite positive. Nevertheless, there are always risks associated with surgery and specific complications associated with this procedure.

Post-operative complications such as infection and blood clots are rare, but can occur. Infection can be treated with drainage and antibiotics, but will prolong your hospital stay. You can minimize the risk of blood clots by moving around as soon after the surgery as possible.

Poor healing, which results in conspicuous scars, may necessitate a second operation. Smokers should be advised to stop, as smoking may increase the risk of complications and delay healing.

You can reduce your risk of complications by closely following your surgeon's instructions before and after the surgery, especially with regard to when and how you should resume physical activity.

http://www.plasticsurgery.org/public_education/procedures/Abdominoplasty.cfm

cosmetic plastic surgery : Cosmetic Surgery Takes Off In South Africa

Only in our global economy could the idea of medical tourism take off. The newest trend is patients traveling to South Africa for cosmetic surgical procedures.

Cosmetic Surgery Takes Off In South Africa

Medical tourism has become a popular trend in the last five years. The reason for the popularity has to do primarily with prices. It is no secret that health care prices in the United States are simply outrageous. In the case of cosmetic surgery, this even more significant given the fact that health insurance usually does not pick up the tab for the procedures.

One way to combat these high costs is to travel to a country where the same procedures are offered at a cheaper rate. The price difference is usually not derivative of the quality of medical care provided. Instead, the price often has to do with the difference in currency exchange rates and the simple fact health care prices are generally lower in the country in question. Popular locations for medical tourism include India, Thailand and Costa Rica among others.

In the cosmetic surgery field, South Africa has burst onto the scene as a medical tourism destination. In this case, we are talking particularly about Cape Town. The number of individuals traveling to the city for cosmetic surgery have doubled or tripled in the last year. The primary impetus for this change appears to be the pricing of the procedures. The South African Rand has significantly less value than the Dollar or Euro. Given the fact that health care prices are also generally lower, cosmetic procedures can end up running as much as 60 percent less than in the United States. Throw in a safari and you have a pretty attractive package.

As with any surgery, cosmetic surgery carries some inherent risks. This immediately raises the question of quality in relation to physicians and facilities in South Africa. In general, surgeons and such are considered competent. Many are educated in America or Britain, much as is found with doctors in India and Thailand. That being said, you must perform your due diligence before opting for cosmetic surgery in South Africa. Remember, you are a long way from home, so things can get complex if the procedure does not go well.

Clearly, South Africa has added its name to the medical tourism list of destinations. Whether it becomes as popular as India remains to be seen.

by Ricardo de Silva

cosmetic plastic surgery : Amateur Plastic Surgery – Avoid It

Amateur plastic surgery is a nasty little secret in the world of cosmetic surgery. It can lead to disastrous results and you should avoid it like the plague or risk great bodily harm.

Amateur Plastic Surgery – Avoid It

Some people often look at plastic surgery as a low risk method to look better. In many cases this is true, but that does not mean you should treat it as anything less than a medical procedure. Any cosmetic procedure inherently involves changes to your body, a form of trauma. Given the fact you only have one body, do you really want to take chances with it? Many people do with disastrous results.

Amateur plastic surgery refers to surgery performed by people who do not have medical training. The sales pitch from these people is almost always one based on price. Simply put, they offer to do the procedure at prices that may be as low as 10 percent of what a medical professional will charge. In this case, you have to remember that you get what you pay for.

A recent case of amateur plastic surgery gone bad was in the news recently. The Ribeiro couple, Luiz and Ana, traveled to the United States on a 30-day tourist visa to ply their trade. Neither individual was a medical professional, but they were offering cheap prices. As you might imagine, a tragedy occurred.

We know about the Ribeiros because they were recently arrested in relation to the death of a 24-year old woman in Massachusetts. The couple had attempted to perform a liposuction procedure on the woman. The surgery took place in the basement of a condominium. The operating table was a massage table. The patient in question died from what appears to a have been a massive loss of blood.

The price for the surgery? About $2,000…and her life.

Despite the things you see on television, cosmetic surgery is something that should only be undertaken by medical professionals. Undergoing cheap procedures offered by amateurs is simply not worth your life.

by Ricardo de Silva

cosmetic plastic surgery : Where's The "Plastic" In Plastic Surgery?

Don't be looking for the Dupont Company sales rep the next time you visit a Plastic Surgeon's office because, despite popular belief, there's no "Plastic" in Plastic Surgery. The name is taken from the Greek word "plastikos" which means to "mold or shape."

Initially plastic surgery procedures were limited to facial and body reconstruction caused by accidents, trauma, illness or birth defects. As people began to see the purely cosmetic possibilities, many surgeons expanded their services to include facelifts, rhinoplasty (nose jobs), breast augmentation and liposuction.

It's important to know the difference between plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery, especially if you're planning on having your insurance company foot the bill for your procedure.

Cosmetic surgery is performed solely to improve a person's outward physical appearance and self-esteem by correcting naturally occuring conditions that the patient is unhappy with. Cosmetic surgery may be performed by either a Plastic Surgeon or a Cosmetic Surgeon. Cosmetic surgery is generally not covered by health insurance.

Reconstructive plastic surgery is performed to correct or reduce the effects of congenital defects, accidental trauma injury, infections, tumors, and other health-related conditions. It's primary purpose is rarely to simply improve appearance except for extreme cases involving major facial or bodily damage resulting from automobile accidents, etc. Plastic Surgery may only be performed by a Plastic Surgeon.

In most cases insurance does pay for plastic surgery although there are some cases where your claim may be reduced or denied completely. That's why it is always important to coordinate the planned procedure with your health insurance provider BEFORE you get the procedure.

Often times the difference between whether or not your insurance company will cover the bill is the REASON for the procedure. If, for example, you are having your nose reshaped because you're unhappy with your profile -- no deal. You're on your own. However, get that same nose job because your doctor has diagnosed a chronic breathing problem that results in the potentially dangerous condition known as "Sleep Apnea" and you could end up with a new nose courtesy of your health insurance provider!

If you are planning to visit a Plastic Surgeon, keep the following items in mind:

Your plastic surgeon should be "Board Certified" by the American Board of Plastic Surgery;

If your doctor will be using anesthesia then make sure that only a licensed Anesthesiologist administers the medicine and make sure that the facility where the procedure is being performed is accredited by at least one of the following organizations:

American Association for Accreditation of Ambulatory Surgery Facilities(AAAASF)

Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Health Care (AAAHC)

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)

Although making sure that all of these certifications are present is no guarantee of a trouble-free experience, NOT having these certifications means that both the doctor performing plastic surgery, as well as the people who run the facility, have a serious lack of regard for your health and well being! You should NEVER use an uncertified plastic surgeon or facility. The risk is simply not worth it.

by Mike Jones